On September 11, 2024, Seyla Benhabib was awarded the Theodor W. Adorno Prize in Frankfurt, and she gave on that occasion a lecture on Adorno. An abridged English version of her lecture is now available at the Boston Review:
Excerpts:
"Yet if the contemporary climate change crisis and the new Earth sciences lend a new relevance and poignancy to Adorno’s rejection of emancipation through social labor, and if, as I have argued, for Adorno, the task of philosophy is not to build totalizing systems but to engage in materialist interpretation and reveal fragmentary constellations, where does this leave social philosophy? As is well known, Adorno turns to aesthetic theory and the concept of the “naturally beautiful,” viewing it as an allegory and a cipher which intimates the utopian longing toward the non-identical. It would be too simple to criticize Adorno, as is often done, for turning away from the political and for reducing the emancipatory claims of critical theory to aesthetics. Adorno, who more consistently than other critical theorists saw the deficiencies of the Marxist paradigm, could offer no alternative to it. Yet there are elements in Adorno’s thinking, such as his critique of false universals and of identitarian thought, which may lead us beyond what Albrecht Wellmer, in his Adorno Prize lecture, called “the homelessness of the political” in Adorno’s theory." (....)
"The capacity for enlarged thought has atrophied in contemporary liberal democracies. Some will characterize the concept of an enlarged mentality as being based on a naïve humanism, and even on an arrogant humanitarianism which believes that enlightened liberal individuals can really understand the miseries of the homeless, the marginalized, the impoverished elderly, the sexually marginal. Others will argue that this concept is imperialistic in that its source is Kantian cosmopolitanism in the eighteenth century. (....) Still others will argue that only members of affected groups, defined by race, ethnicity, sexuality, or gender, can take certain standpoints. Intergroup empathy is met with suspicion." (....)
"Surely these observations about democratic culture must be supplemented by a materialist critique. Adorno would be the first to point out that a society in which inequality grows, human work becomes increasingly degraded, and life in general becomes more precarious is not one in which we can lead a good life. Nor is such a situation compatible with sustaining a democratic culture. The dominance of the false universals of our time and the rigidity and bitterness of struggles over identitarian categories are surely a manifestation of economic injustice as well. The dominance of the false universals of our time and the rigidity and bitterness of struggles over identitarian categories are surely a manifestation of economic injustice as well. Having been forced together through the mind-numbing speed of financial capital and money markets, and new technologies, our interdependence as peoples of this world is only generating confusions, conflicts, and resentments. An interdependent humanity has become what Adorno called “a negative universal”—an interdependence which results from the unintended consequences of our actions but not our intentions. To transform the negative universality of our current condition into a true universality of non-identitarian solidarity is Adorno’s legacy for us."
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